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Express 应用生成器

使用应用生成工具 express-generator 快速创建应用骨架。

🌐 Use the application generator tool, express-generator, to quickly create an application skeleton.

你可以使用 npx 命令运行应用生成器(在 Node.js 8.2.0 中可用)。

🌐 You can run the application generator with the npx command (available in Node.js 8.2.0).

Terminal window
$ npx express-generator

对于较早的 Node 版本,将应用生成器作为全局 npm 包安装,然后启动它:

🌐 For earlier Node versions, install the application generator as a global npm package and then launch it:

Terminal window
$ npm install -g express-generator
$ express

使用 -h 选项显示命令选项:

🌐 Display the command options with the -h option:

Terminal window
$ express -h
Usage: express [options] [dir]
Options:
-h, --help output usage information
--version output the version number
-e, --ejs add ejs engine support
--hbs add handlebars engine support
--pug add pug engine support
-H, --hogan add hogan.js engine support
--no-view generate without view engine
-v, --view <engine> add view <engine> support (ejs|hbs|hjs|jade|pug|twig|vash) (defaults to jade)
-c, --css <engine> add stylesheet <engine> support (less|stylus|compass|sass) (defaults to plain css)
--git add .gitignore
-f, --force force on non-empty directory

例如,以下命令将创建一个名为 myapp 的 Express 应用。该应用将会被创建在当前工作目录下名为 myapp 的文件夹中,并且视图引擎将被设置为 Pug

Terminal window
$ express --view=pug myapp
create : myapp
create : myapp/package.json
create : myapp/app.js
create : myapp/public
create : myapp/public/javascripts
create : myapp/public/images
create : myapp/routes
create : myapp/routes/index.js
create : myapp/routes/users.js
create : myapp/public/stylesheets
create : myapp/public/stylesheets/style.css
create : myapp/views
create : myapp/views/index.pug
create : myapp/views/layout.pug
create : myapp/views/error.pug
create : myapp/bin
create : myapp/bin/www

然后安装依赖:

🌐 Then install dependencies:

Terminal window
$ cd myapp
$ npm install

在 MacOS 或 Linux 上,使用以下命令运行应用:

🌐 On MacOS or Linux, run the app with this command:

Terminal window
$ DEBUG=myapp:* npm start

在 Windows 命令提示符下,使用此命令:

🌐 On Windows Command Prompt, use this command:

Terminal window
> set DEBUG=myapp:* & npm start

在 Windows PowerShell 上,使用此命令:

🌐 On Windows PowerShell, use this command:

Terminal window
PS> $env:DEBUG='myapp:*'; npm start

然后,在浏览器中加载 http://localhost:3000/ 以访问应用。

🌐 Then, load http://localhost:3000/ in your browser to access the app.

生成的应用具有以下目录结构:

🌐 The generated app has the following directory structure:

Terminal window
.
├── app.js
├── bin
└── www
├── package.json
├── public
├── images
├── javascripts
└── stylesheets
└── style.css
├── routes
├── index.js
└── users.js
└── views
├── error.pug
├── index.pug
└── layout.pug
7 directories, 9 files

Note

由生成器创建的应用结构只是组织 Express 应用的众多方式之一。随意使用此结构或根据需要进行修改,以最适合你的需求。

🌐 The app structure created by the generator is just one of many ways to structure Express apps. Feel free to use this structure or modify it to best suit your needs.